Coastal Ocean Research and Moni, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 20050307, Primary metadata record describing Coastal Ocean Reasearch and Monitoring Program (CORMP) Biooptical data.Online Links:
The UNCW CORMP is a NOAA funded program, with Drs. Marvin Moss, Lynn Leonard and Michael Durako as Principal Investigators. Numerous researchers, faculty, post-docs, technicians, graduate students, and data managers have contributed to these datasets.
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The strategic plan for the Congressionally mandated Integrated Ocean Observations System (IOOS) calls for a sustained, integrated system to improve weather forecasting, predictions of climate change and related impacts on coastal populations, safety and efficiency of marine operations, and coastal ecosystem health. The Coastal Ocean Research and Monitoring Program (CORMP) at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNCW) is a research and monitoring program that addresses these goals in the coastal ocean. The program mission is to provide an interdisciplinary science-based framework that supports sound public policy leading to wise coastal use, sustainable fisheries and improved coastal ocean ecosystem health.
SPECTRAL K PARTITIONING - WATER SAMPLE PROCESSING Field sampling 1. Collect 2-4 L surface water sample (fill bottle(s) 10 cm below surface). 2. Place sample in numbered 1 or 2L HDPE bottle, record bottle(s) number on data sheet, and place bottle in dark on ice. Laboratory processing - Raw and Filtered Water Samples Total spectral absorption will be measured on GF/F filters and water samples in a 10cm quartz cuvette in a cuvette chamber attached to Ocean Optics S2000 spectrometer and a halogen (filter samples) or Halogen-deuterium (water samples) light source. Always do 3 rinses of glassware when changing samples! For each station there will be three types of water placed in the cuvette: (B)lank = DI water, Yellow = 0.2 um filtered sample(CDOM) Total= Raw water sample 1. Pour about 300ml of Raw seawater sample into the Raw squirt bottle. This will be used for Total absorption. 2. Filter enough water onto a 47mm Whatman GF/F to result in visible color on filter (usually 500ml-1l for inshore and CFP samples and 4l for offshore OB samples). Place the GF/F filter in a numbered petri plate and wrap in foil or place in the dark on ice (or in refrigerator). . Record volume of water filtered and dish number on data sheet. 3. Refilter about 300 ml of the GF/F filtrate through a 0.2 um filter. This will be the Yellow (CDOM) fraction. Place this fraction in the CDOM squirt bottle. 4. Fill the 10 cm cuvette with distilled water Raw Sample vs Blank(DIwater) = Total spectral absorption Raw Sample vs Yellow (CDOM) = Spectral Absorption due to particles Yellow (CDOM) vs Blank (DIwater) = Spectral absorption due to dissolved substances (Gelbshtoff) 5. Open OOIBase in scope mode. With distilled water reference cuvette (B) in chamber and the filler ports vertical, adjust integration period to get about 3500 counts (1500 w/electrical dark correction) at peak. For the Halogen deuterium light source w/400um light fiber and 200um receive fiber: Int.Per=75msec, Av=10, Boxcar=10. (For Methanol extracts in 1cm cuvette: Int.Per=100 Av=10 Boxcar=10) 6. View > spectrum scale > set scale > x scale 300 to 750 nm. 7. Close shutter in cuvette chamber or block light at source. Click on dark bulb icon (dark reference) 8. Open shutter click on lighted bulb (reference). Check on Correct for Electrical Dark (should already be checked). 9. Click on A (absorbance) and make sure the red line is active an near 0 10. Remove Blank cuvette. Pour out the DI and refill cuvette with Raw seawater sample from the squirt bottle. Place cuvette in chamber with the filler ports vertical. 11. Right click > autoscale - to maximize signal. Make sure you have an absorbance spectra with the red line above zero on x-axis. . Make sure you place cuvettes with fill port vertical. 12. To save the spectra, click on the camera icon (snapshot). Save > Processed > filename.Master.Absorbance. (totalspec_st#). Pour out Raw seawater sample 13. Refill cuvette with 0.2um filtered water sample (CDOM vs Blank) to determine absorbance due to dissolved substances (yellow_st#). For CDOM use the halogen/deuterium light source with a 400um fiber, 75 int per., 10 av., and 10 boxcar. 14. Go to scope mode and Zero the CDOM sample by clicking on the light bulb icon. Click on A (absorbance) and make sure the red line is active near zero. Pour out the CDOM sample and refill cuvetted with Raw seawater. Click on the camera (snapshot). Save>Processed>filename.Master.Absorbance (Raw vs CDOM) (particles_st#). 15.Optical density is multiplied by 2.3 and 10 to convert to base e and to an absorption coefficient (m-1). [spectral absorption coefficient = (2.3 x absorbance)/0.1 m. 10cm cell=0.1m] Absorbance values are corrected for Backscattering by subtracting absorbance @750nm from all values. Laboratory processing - Particle and Phytoplankton coefficients 1. Total particle absorption spectra will be measured using the filter pad method by comparing absorption spectra through a wetted GF/F filter (distilled water) as the Blank and the spectra through the filter with particles. To correct for Mie scattering (and spectral differences between the reference and sample filters), the optical density at 750 nm is subtracted from the entire spectrum before calculating absorption. The halogen light source is used for these samples. 2. Filter 500 ml (CFP) to 4 l (OB) of water through a GF/F filter and record the volume on the data sheet. After filtering, place filter in a numbered glass plate and put in refrigerator. Keep in dark until ready to measure. 3. Place Blank filter wetted with DI water from squirt bottle in filter holder and place in filter slot of 10cm cuvette holder with filter nearest to chamber. Cover with black battery case lid to prevent light signal from room. 4. Open OOIBase in scope mode. With water Blank filter in holder, adjust integration period to get about 3500 counts at peak (1500 w/dark correction). Use no filter at light source w/400um light fiber and 200um receive fiber: Int.Per=1250msec, Av=1, Boxcar=10. 5. View > spectrum scale > set scale > x scale 350 to 750 nm. 6. Block light source with floppy shutter chamber. Click on dark bulb icon (dark reference) 7. Open shutter click on lighted bulb (reference). Check on Correct for Electrical Dark. 8. Click on A (absorbance) and make sure the red line is active an near 0 9. Remove Blank filter and place sample (S) filter in holder with sample side facing the chamber and light source. 10. Right click > autoscale - to maximize signal. Make sure you have an absorbance spectra with the red line near to, or above, zero on x-axis. You may have to slightly adjust the position of the filter in the slot. 11. To save the spectra, click on the camera icon (snapshot). Save > Processed > filtertotal_st#.master.absorbance. 12. After measurement, the filter will be extracted in the dark for 60 min in 50 ml absolute methanol in a glass petri dish. The filter is then wetted with DI water and the absorption spectra measured as above. filtermeth_st#.master.absorbance Make sure the sample material side is facing the chamber and light source. 13. Absorbances will be converted to spectral absorption coefficients by multiplying by 2.3 to convert to base e and by A/V where A is the area of the filter (3.5 cm dia filter area =0.00096 m2) and V is the volume filtered (m3) from the data sheet. 1 liter = 0.001 m3 4 liters = 0.004 m3 750 ml = 0.00075 m3 500 ml = 0.0005 m3 Subtract absorbance @ 750 nm from all wavelengths to correct for Mie scattering (Kishino et al., 1985). For Pigments in Methanol 1. Switch to Halogen Deuterium light source. 2. In scope mode place 1cm quartz cuvette filled with methanol for blank. IntPer = 100 Av = 10 Boxcar = 10 3. Close shutter - click on dark bulb - Dark Blank 4. Open shutter - click on lighted bulb - Blank. Then click on Absorbance. You should have an active red line near 0. 5. Rinse Blank once with clean Methanol, rinse 2X’s with methanol extract, and fill w/methanol extract 6. Read absorbance. Click on camera. Save > Processed > pigment_OBxx.master.absorbance 7. Dump extract, rinse 3X’s with clean methanol, Re-Blank, rinse 2X’s w/new extract and Fill with new extract. Sample Data Processing Spectral data for each station will be imported into QPW and processed to yield spectra k values for Sample, Particles, Gelbshtoff, TSS, TSSw/o Pigments and Pigments. 1. Open QPW and open a previous month’s spreadsheet. Then open a new blank spreadsheet. 2. On first notebook page label (A) right click > edit sheet name > SampleWater enter 3. To bring in spectral data: Insert > File click on open file folder and go to the current month’s directory. Type *.* in file name window. 4. Click on totalspec_cfp#.Master.Absorbance > Open > OK. When Quick Columns Expert Window pops up click on Parse. The spectral data will appear on the sheet. 5. To delete rows from 117.36 nm - 299.74 nm, block and drag in the row number column then Edit> Delete Rows. Repeat for rows 750.50 to End Spectral Data. 6. In Cell A1 copy and paste Station and month Label from previous month’s spreadsheet and edit to correct date. In cells A14 and B14 type nm and O.D. respectively. 7. Copy and paste Cuvette correction from the quartz cuvette correction sheet. Copy and pasted corrected O.D and Sample k columns from previous month’s spreadsheet. 8. Repeat steps 2-7 for a Particles sheet and Gelbshtoff sheet 9. The fourth notebook sheet will have all the spectral k values and it separates the water data from the filter data. Block all the columns of the first sheet (SampleWater) > Edit > Convert to values click the arrow in the To window and click on the A1 cell of the fourth notebook sheet. Click the Convert to Values Banner and click OK. Edit sheet name to Spectral k, delete all columns except nm and Sample k. 10. For Particles and Gelbshtoff, highlight the k value column > Edit > convert to Values> up arrow in To > click on the next column in the Spectral k sheet > OK 11. The fifth and sixth sheets will have the Totalfilter and filtermeth spectra. The absorbances will be corrected for MIE scattering by subtracting the Absorbance at 750.18 from all wavelengths. 12. Absorbances will be converted to spectral absorption coefficients by multiplying by 2.3 to convert to base e and by A/V where A is the area of the filter (3.5 cm dia filter area =0.00096 m2) and V is the volume filtered (m3) from the data sheet. 4 liter = 0.004 m3 1 liter = 0.001 m3, 750 ml = 0.00075 m3, 500 ml = 0.0005 m3 13. TSS and TSS w/o pigments k columns are converted to values as above and added to the Spectral k notebook page. Pigment k is calculated by subtraction. 14. Each station’s Spectral k page is copied to a new spreadsheet called Allspectralk.MonYR. The data in this spreadsheet is copied to SigmaPlot to generate spectral k curves for the various components. this is done by opening SPW and opening the previous month’s file and copy and pasting the current month’s data to the Data Worksheet. The Allk graph may need some adjustments of the y-axis and the month label needs to be changed. Variable Names nm = wavelength of light Raw Sample a = Total spectral absorption (m-1) of the raw water sample Particle a = Spectral absorption (m-1) due to particles in the raw water sample CDOM a = Spectral absorption (m-1) due to colored dissolved organic matter in the water (Gelbshtoff ) Filter TSS a = Total spectral absorption (m-1) of filter after filtering volume of seawater TSSwoPigments = spectral absorption (m-1) of filter after 2 h extraction with methanol Pigment a = spectral absorption (m-1) on filter due to methanol-soluble pigments
Reference:
LiCor Quantum sensors calibrated every 2 years - calibration coefficients accurate to 0.01 umoles quanta m-2 s-1
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Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints:
- None. It is strongly recommended that the UNCW CORMP Data be directly acquired from Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington and not indirectly through other sources as they might have been changed in some way.
- Use_Constraints:
- The Principal Investigators (Originators), University of North Carolina at Wilmington Center for Marine Science, and the Grantor (See Data_Set_Credit) should be fully acknowledged in any publications in which any part of these data are used. Use of the data without completely reading and understanding of the metadata is not recommended. CORMP in University of North Carolina at Wilmington is not responsible for the misuse of data.
910-962-2373 (voice)
910-962-2410 (FAX)
durakom@uncw.edu
Realtime data provided by CORMP should be considered provisional. Quality controlled data for any particular location are available only in the archived data area of this website. While all due care is taken to provide accurate information, provisional data are subject to change or retraction after quality control and before official release. No warranty is made, express or implied, regarding the accuracy or validity of the data, or regarding the suitability of the data for any particular application. Use of provisional data is at the sole risk of the user.
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| Network links: |
<http://www.cormp.org> |
910-962-2373 (voice)
910-962-2410 (FAX)
durakom@uncw.edu